[solved] The bargaining leverage of suppliers is stronger when
industry members make frequent purchases in small quantities.
industry members are a threat to integrate backward into the business of suppliers and to self-manufacture their own requirements.
suppliers provide an item that accounts for a small fraction of the costs of the industry's product and when a needed input is in short supply.
the products of suppliers are strongly differentiated, which reduces the costs industry members incur in switching to alternative suppliers.
good substitutes exist for the items being furnished by the suppliers.
