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Assignment: Individual Paper (15%)Scroll down to

Assignment: Individual Paper (15%)
Scroll down to see the Required business document
Analyze the business document below (scroll down), applying all 8 steps of the critical thinking framework model discussed in the US Army
Management Staff College AMSC Critical Thinking report (citing Dr. Richard Paul model) at
http://www.au.af.mil/au/awc/awcgate/army/critical/roy.htm. Post this assignment in the assignment folder by the end of week 2.

You are using the 8 step method disseminated by Roy Eichhorn, Strategic Systems Department, Army Management Staff College, in the
report entitled, DEVELOPING THINKING SKILLS: CRITICAL THINKING AT THE ARMY MANAGEMENT STAFF COLLEGE in section
COMPONENTS OF CRITICAL THINKING AT AMSC.

From the ASMC report: "
THE AMSC PHILOSOPHY ON CRITICAL THINKING [...] We are often asked why we go to the effort of trying to teach critical thinking;
people already know how to think. The first answer to this question is that yes, we all think, but do we do it well and are we able to evaluate the
quality of our thinking? [...] Dr. Paul responded to this question with the statement that reflects our philosophy: "We are always thinking, the
question is, are we in charge of our thinking, or is our thinking in charge of us?"
The following is one of Dr. Paul’s definitions of critical thinking that summarizes our approach:
"Critical thinking is the ability to think about one’s thinking in such a way as:
1. to recognize its strengths and weaknesses and, as a result,
2. to recast the thinking in improved form.
Such thinking about one’s thinking involves the ability to identify the basic elements of thought (purpose, question, information, assumption,
interpretation, concepts, implications, point of view) and assess those elements using universal intellectual criteria and standards (clarity,
accuracy, precision, relevance, depth, breadth, and logicalness)."
In a short paper (7­8 double­spaced pages) apply all of the steps of the critical thinking model to assess the arguments made in the memo.
Include all of the steps. Leaving out discussion of steps will adversely affect your grade. You must include all 8 of the AMSC steps. As the
final 9th step in the paper, use the content on fallacies in Almossawi, Ali (2013). An Illustrated Book of Bad Arguments ­
https://bookofbadarguments.com/?view=allpages to identify any fallacies in the memo. Although not necessary for a passing grade,
answers to some of the questions may be enhanced by doing additional research.
Remember that your task here is to evaluate the author's argument as objectively as possible, not to give your own opinions on the
issue. Be sure to use the analytical points as set out in the critical thinking report, not your own thoughts on the issue.
The citations and the reference list in the paper should be formatted in accordance with the APA guidelines.
This paper is due by 11:59 PM the last day of Week 2.
Objective 2: Use a critical thinking framework to evaluate alternative courses of actions and reach sound decisions in workplace situations.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

2/7/2017 Required Business Document Memo for Analysis ­ DMBA 610 9040 Ethical Leadership in Organizations & Society (2172)

https://learn.umuc.edu/d2l/le/content/202553/viewContent/8953735/View 2/4
SAG­AFTRA Nevada Local

Memo
To: Mr. Kanye Kardashian­Fuentes (President, SAG­AFTRA Nevada Local)
From: Ms. RuPaul Fabowlus (Director of Human Resources, SAG­AFTRA Nevada Local)
CC: None (Confidential)
Date: January 22nd, 2017
Re: Al Jazeera America (AJAM) termination of union member employment contract (allegedly due to defamation by prior
employer, FOX News).
This is in response to your request for our union HR office to evaluate the legal representation notification letter sent to you by
the attorney for our union member, “Lil’ Lady RaRa” (legal name, Eugenia Glover). The letter indicated that she intends to file
lawsuits against FOX News and AJAM. You wanted to know if the union should publicly support the union member in
publicizing their legal case(s).
1.0 Background
“Lil’ Lady RaRa” (hereinafter referred to by her legal name, Ms. Eugenia Glover) has been an inconsistent dues paying member
of our union since 2004. She is a DJ, voiceover artist, mime, program host and former news editor (self described on her website
as “the Hottest Host in the Galaxy”). Ms. Glover worked at FOX News from 1999 – 2005. She was working as a news editor on
the FOX News show, “The O'Reilly Factor hosted by Bill O’Reilly” in May of 2005. On the show on the evening of May 10,
2005, there was a segment of an interview with guest, Courtney Anderson.
Courtney Anderson Enterprises LLC

The interview included a discussion of laws regarding child abuse laws in Texas and the newspaper, the Houston Chronicle. The
host, Bill O’Reilly, made comments on the air that resulted in the Houston Chronicle newspaper writing and publishing an
Editorial Journal on May 12, 2005 entitled, “Editorial Journal: The No Facts Zone.”

2/7/2017 Required Business Document Memo for Analysis ­ DMBA 610 9040 Ethical Leadership in Organizations & Society (2172)

https://learn.umuc.edu/d2l/le/content/202553/viewContent/8953735/View 3/4
It stated in part,“O'Reilly claims his show is free of spin. Spin is when someone casts the facts in such a light as to reinforce
his argument and weaken his opponent's. What O'Reilly did was to disregard the facts altogether, even going so far as to
attribute to the Chronicle words and views it did not print and does not espouse. That's not spin; it's misrepresentation that
is unprofessional, unwarranted and injurious to the public debate about a serious and urgent issue: protecting children from
predators.” (Gibbons, 2005)
Six days after the show aired, on May 16
th
, 2005, our member, Ms. Glover, was terminated from her job as news editor at “The
O'Reilly Factor”. Although she subsequently applied at over 400 media outlets around the world, she was not hired at any
television channels. After Ms. Glover provided her FOX News employment for reference and background checks, she was
always told that she was not selected for the position. Ms. Glover worked as an independent DJ, mime and substitute teacher
during this ten year time period (from May 16, 2005 ­ December 1, 2015). On December 1, 2015, AJAM offered her a news host
position.
As you know, our union, SAG­AFTRA, fiercely represents our members who are, “the faces and voices that entertain and inform
America and the world.” (SAG) Ms. Glover was hired by AJAM on December 1, 2015 prior to her background check being
completed. On December 16, 2015, AJAM called her in the Human Resources office and told her that she was being placed on
suspension pending an assessment of her prior work history. She was fired on December 20
th
, 2015 when she received a text
message from her supervisor at AJAM that stated, “You are done here. Bye! LOL!” On January 13th, 2016 it was reported in the
Chicago Tribune (via Paul Farhi with The Washington Post) that AJAM told its staff that it would shut down operations at the
end of April 2016 (http://www.chicagotribune.com/business/ct­al­jazeera­america­shutting­down­20160113­story.html).
Ms. Glover hired an attorney and is moving forward to take legal action against FOX News for interfering with her ability to
work and for AJAM for wrongful termination. She is planning to appear with her attorney on national news media outlets
(including “Good Morning America”, “The View” and “Entertainment Tonight”) to publicize her perspective on these events.
She posted on Twitter on December 1st, 2016, “#NEWSLIES ­ U Will NO the TRUTH SOON...” Her attorney has stated that as
her union representation, we are “either with her or against her.” The attorney notification letter to our union office stated that we
are “bullies” and “the dumbest union leaders in the universe” and have “wholly failed to adhere to the purported Mission
Statement by abandoning a loyal member and one of the greatest talents of the millennia.”
As you are fully aware, our Mission Statement includes the following,
“SAG­AFTRA is committed to organizing all work done under our jurisdictions; negotiating the best wages, working
conditions, and health and pension benefits; preserving and expanding members’ work opportunities; vigorously
enforcing our contracts; and protecting members against unauthorized use of their work.
A proud member of the AFL­CIO, SAG­AFTRA partners with our fellow unions in the U.S. and internationally to seek
the strongest protections for media artists throughout the world. We work with governments at the international,
federal, state, and local levels to expand protections for American media professionals both at home and abroad.”
(http://www.sagaftra.org/content/about­us)
2.0 Discussion
This attorney notification is an assault on our union. It is anti­American. Foreign artists and everyone in these United States and
beyond knows we are the most powerful labor union for media artists. Ms. Glover and her greedy lawyer want us to put our good
name and reputation on the line to support a member who could not get a job for over ten years. If we are publicly embarrassed
by Ms. Glover and her attorney on national television, our more famous and successful members (Justin Bieber, Paris Hilton,
Meryl Streep, Charlie Rose, Honey Boo­Boo, etc.) will not vote for you in the upcoming union presidential election. Therefore,
if you rebut her lawyers’ proposal (for us to appear publicly with her in the media), you will win the admiration of all our
members. I had lunch the other day with a group of our members, and everyone was in agreement that if you opposed this, they
would vote for you (at least 73% of the voters). This will set the stage for your re­election next year at the end of your present
term.
Ms. Glover is a weak mime and we should only represent the best mimes in the world (http://www.mime.info/). Also, it was an
embarrassment to Mr. O’Reilly at FOX News when the show on May 10, 2005 aired.
The Houston Chronicle editorial stated, “The 19th century American writer and philosopher Ralph Waldo
Emerson once said of a man, "The louder he talked of his honor, the faster we counted our spoons." Were he alive
today, Emerson might be thinking of television host Bill O'Reilly.” (Gibbons, 2005)
The editorial made the show host look foolish (I attached a clip of the show for you to see for yourself what really happened).
Everyone knows that Mr. O’Reilly is one of the smartest people in the entire country which is why he was given a primetime
cable news television show. My brother­in­law says that he is a genius and supreme leader of their genius group, MENSA.

2/7/2017 Required Business Document Memo for Analysis ­ DMBA 610 9040 Ethical Leadership in Organizations & Society (2172)

https://learn.umuc.edu/d2l/le/content/202553/viewContent/8953735/View 4/4
After the May 10, 2005 show, even leading global media experts like “The Rude Pundit” posted on the web,
“He claimed the paper said the law was too harsh, he said the paper's "taken a lot of shots at me" so it must be liberal,
and then, while "interviewing" Austin criminal defense attorney Courtney Anderson, he took out the bunny and starting
gulping down eyeballs like olives: "Counseling, community service projects, all of this touchy feely BS the Houston
Chronicle's putting out there, because whoa, far be it from society to have zero tolerance against child molesters. We
can't have that. This is the kind of pinhead stuf that's hurt this country." When Anderson dared to imply that what
O'Reilly was saying was not, actually, in the article, O'Reilly bit the head of the bunny: "You're misreading this article.
This article, number one, criticizes Florida for passing the law, says they don't like the law. The law is too harsh, all
right, number one."” (http://rudepundit.blogspot.com/2005/05/why­bill­oreilly­ought­to­be­sodomized.html)
Ms. Glover is an unpopular DJ and an even worse news editor. If we were to allow such a non­famous and unaccomplished
individual to sully our union name by associating with her, our Nevada Local office could cease to exist. We represent the best of
the best in the world and are the #1 ranked most phenomenally powerful labor union in American history
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SAG­AFTRA) with 92.7% approval. We have to maintain our reputation!
We must oppose Ms. Glover and her attorney now, or we do a disservice to our members and will regret it later. I speak for truth
and common sense. We have to be strong and show no weakness to this delusional member. I am currently checking to see if her
union dues are current right now because everyone knows that people who are not famous and successful do not pay their bills.
Finally, lawsuits and the greedy ambulance chasing lawyers who file them, are ruining this country. According to a recent article
posted in a prestigious Wall Street newspaper, the additional legal costs of doing business adds 21.3% of hidden costs to the
price of each product or service transaction in this country. If we were to support Ms. Glover and she publicly insults FOX
News, their hosts or AJAM, we will have to deal with potential legal action from their lawyers which could bankrupt us. Ms.
Glover has already destroyed AJAM as they are now out of business. Is it a coincidence that shortly after she worked there the
company (AJAM) announced they were closing? Do we want to be next to fail? Ms. Glover is proven to be toxic to the entire
entertainment industry.
3.0 Conclusion and Recommendation
SAG­AFTRA Nevada Local should not support Ms. Glover. Our members will lose their pride in being part of our union and
potentially their jobs if we appear in the media attacking powerful organizations like FOX News and AJAM. If Ms. Glover
wants to be successful, she should abandon this wasteful legal action and instead practice her mime, DJ and hosting skills. She
needs to leave our prestigious union alone.
Just say the word and I will draft a reply to this effect for your signature.

Gibbons, James H. "Editorial Journal: The No Facts Zone." Houston Chronicle. Houston Chronicle, 12 May 2005. Web. 10 Sept.
2013.<http://www.chron.com/opinion/editorials/article/Editorial­Journal­The­No­Facts­Zone­1935986.php>.



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1. Introduction

Critical thinking is the correct way of forming judgments. Critical thinking is defined to
as the analysis of information, facts and consequences and evaluating them in order to come up
with judgments that would yield the desired results and least problems. People used to argue that
as long as a person thinks then they are able to come up with better judgments. Bad judgments
were associated with people who act on things without thinking. This has however been proved
to be untrue. Dr. Richard Paul in giving the reason of thinking critically compared critical
thinking to a person who is in control of their thinking while those who think but fail to do it
critically being people who are controlled by their thinking (Nieto & Saiz, 2010). This is the
reason why fallacies would hamper a well thought out process and in the end results to poor
judgment. Thinking critically involves eight elements which must be used in order to arrive at
the best judgment. The eight elements in no particular order include; having a goal or a purpose,
the problem to be solved, information on the reasoning, inference, concepts to be used in
reasoning, assumptions, the consequences and lastly the point of view. It is through these eight
elements of reasoning that the judgment is made upon.

This paper is an analysis of a memo to the president of SAG-AFTRA on refusal of
representation of Ms. Eugenia Glove on whether the reason involved used or was impacted by
the eight elements of critical thinking as it is in the critical thinking at the army management
staff college. The thinking involved will also be checked for any fallacies that impacted the
judgment as described in the memo.

5

CRITICAL THINKING

2. Critical thinking in the memo

The director of human resource of SAG-AFTRA Ms. RuPaul Fabowlus had written a
memo to the president on the issue of one of the employees that their organization represents,
Ms. Eugenia Glove. Ms. Eugenia Glove did want the union to help her by first offering her with
support in the law suit and to do it publicly. The verdict from the director of human resource was
that the union should not heed to her requests. This was after highlighting much of her thinking
in the memo that made her decide how she arrived at that judgment. Her thinking subjected to
different elements of critical thinking showed to have some elements but not others ("Editorial
Journal: The No Facts Zone", 2017).

2.1 Purpose

Reasoning should have some goals or purpose to which should be achieved. Reasoning
would lack a sense direction if it lacks an end goal. For this thus critical thinking should include
a purpose for which the thinking should aim to fulfill (Eichhorn, 2017). In the memo, the director
of human resource starts by saying the purpose in the first paragraph of the memo. From the
problem to which should be solved through thinking, the purpose of the

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You can't get real answer if you break your security system. owjvjr tjjn provjc to tj untruj. Dr. Rihywrc Pwul in fivinf tyj rjwson ov tyinkinf hritihwlly hompwrjc hritihwl tyinkinf to w pjrson wyo is in hontrol ov tyjir tyinkinf wyilj tyosj wyo tyink tut vwil to co it hritihwlly tjinf pjoplj wyo wrj hontrolljc ty tyjir tyinkinf (Nijto &wmp; Swiz, 5787). Tyis is tyj rjwson wyy vwllwhijs woulc ywmpjr w wjll tyoufyt out prohjss wnc in tyj jnc rjsults to poor jucfmjnt. Tyinkinf hritihwlly involvjs jifyt jljmjnts wyihy must tj usjc in orcjr to wrrivj wt tyj tjst jucfmjnt. Tyj jifyt jljmjnts in no pwrtihulwr orcjr inhlucj; ywvinf w fowl or w purposj, tyj protljm to tj solvjc, invormwtion on tyj rjwsoninf, invjrjnhj, honhjpts to tj usjc in rjwsoninf, wssumptions, tyj honsjqujnhjs wnc lwstly tyj point ov vijw. It is tyroufy tyjsj jifyt jljmjnts ov rjwsoninf tywt tyj jucfmjnt is mwcj upon. Tyis pwpjr is wn wnwlysis ov w mjmo to tyj prjsicjnt ov SAG-AFTRA on rjvuswl ov rjprjsjntwtion ov Ms. Eufjniw Glovj on wyjtyjr tyj rjwson involvjc usjc or wws impwhtjc ty tyj jifyt jljmjnts ov hritihwl tyinkinf ws it is in tyj hritihwl tyinkinf wt tyj wrmy mwnwfjmjnt stwvv holljfj. Tyj tyinkinf involvjc will wlso tj hyjhkjc vor wny vwllwhijs tywt impwhtjc tyj jucfmjnt ws cjshritjc in tyj mjmo. 6 CRITICAL THINKING 5. Critihwl tyinkinf in tyj mjmo Tyj cirjhtor ov yumwn rjsourhj ov SAG-AFTRA Ms. RuPwul Fwtowlus ywc writtjn w mjmo to tyj prjsicjnt on tyj issuj ov onj ov tyj jmployjjs tywt tyjir orfwnizwtion rjprjsjnts, Ms. Eufjniw Glovj. Ms. Eufjniw Glovj cic wwnt tyj union to yjlp yjr ty virst ovvjrinf yjr wity support in tyj lww suit wnc to co it putlihly. Tyj vjrciht vrom tyj cirjhtor ov yumwn rjsourhj wws tywt tyj union syoulc not yjjc to yjr rjqujsts. Tyis wws wvtjr yifylifytinf muhy ov yjr tyinkinf in tyj mjmo tywt mwcj yjr cjhicj yow syj wrrivjc wt tywt jucfmjnt. Hjr tyinkinf sutjjhtjc to civvjrjnt jljmjnts ov hritihwl tyinkinf syowjc to ywvj somj jljmjnts tut not otyjrs ("Ecitoriwl Journwl: Tyj No Fwhts Zonj", 5784). 5.8 Purposj Rjwsoninf syoulc ywvj somj fowls or purposj to wyihy syoulc tj whyijvjc. Rjwsoninf woulc lwhk w sjnsj cirjhtion iv it lwhks wn jnc fowl. For tyis tyus hritihwl tyinkinf syoulc inhlucj w purposj vor wyihy tyj tyinkinf syoulc wim to vulvill (Eihyyorn, 5784). In tyj mjmo, tyj cirjhtor ov yumwn rjsourhj stwrts ty swyinf tyj purposj in tyj virst pwrwfrwpy ov tyj mjmo. From tyj protljm to wyihy syoulc tj solvjc tyroufy tyinkinf, tyj purposj ov tyj tyinkinf is to tj vounc. Tyj purposj ov tyj rjwsoninf usuwlly fivjs tyj tyinkinf prohjss tyj honhjpt tywt it syoulc vollow wnc tyj wssumptions tywt it syoulc tj mwcj. Tyj mjmos purposj yws it tywt tyj purposj ov tyj tyinkinf to tj involvjc is wyjtyjr to whhjpt or rjjjht Ms. Eufjniw Glovj rjqujst. Tyis is pwrtihulwrly tyj fowl ws to wyihy tyj wyolj prohjss ov tyinkinf syoulc wrrivj wt. 5.5 protljm to tj solvjc 2 CRITICAL THINKING Tyj protljm to tj solvjc wyihy mwy wlso tj rjvjrrjc to ws tyj qujstion in issuj is tyj qujstion vormulwtjc wyosj wnswjr is tyj fowl ov tyj tyinkinf prohjss. In hritihwl tyinkinf, ywvinf w fooc qujstion wt issuj woulc rjsult in w fooc tyinkinf prohjss. Iv tyj qujstion is vormulwtjc inhorrjhtly tyjn hywnhjs wrj tyjrj tywt tyj rjsult ov tyj tyinkinf woulc not fivj tyj horrjht jucfmjnts. Tyj cirjhtor ov yumwn rjsourhj wws wtlj to vormulwtj tyj qujstion to tj wnswjrjc. Tyj qujstion wt issuj syoulc inhlucj tyj pjoplj to tj involvjc, wywt is rjquirjc ov tyjm wnc wywt is to tj solvjc. In tyj mjmo, tyj qujstion is wlso in tyj virst pwrwfrwpy. Tyj qujstion usjc in tyj tyinkinf prohjss wws tywt onj wskjc ty tyj prjsicjnt to tyj cirjhtor ov yumwn rjsourhj. Tyj mjmo tyus wws writtjn to w rjply ov w qujstion tywt wws wskjc ty tyj prjsicjnt wyjtyjr tyj union syoulc support Ms. Eufjniw Glovj or not. Tyus tyj protljm to tj solvjc wws wyjtyjr tyj union syoulc putlihly support yjr in putlihizinf yjr ljfwl hwsj. All tyjsj wnc otyjr invormwtion wws wtlj to invorm tyj 5.9 Invormwtion Fwhts wnc cwtw is tyj twhktonj ov wny tyoufyt wvtjr cjhision (Possin, 5787). Critihwl tyinkinf involvjs wnwlyzinf wll tyj invormwtion wnc vwhts wtout tyj fivjn topih. Tyis jnwtljs tyj pjrson to mwkj wn invormjc jucfmjnt on tyj qujstion. Fwilurj to usj invormwtion to mwkj invormwtion woulc rjsult into mwkinf w jucfmjnt twsjc on otyjr tyinfs rwtyjr tywn vwhts suhy ws jmotionwl jucfmjnt, rjlifious jucfmjnt, jth. All tyosj wrj vwllwhijs tywt prjvjnt horrjht jucfmjnt (Eihyyorn, 5784). Tyj cirjhtor ov yumwn rjsourhj in tyis hwsj wws wtlj to holljht invormwtion tywt wws njhjsswry to jnsurj tyjy wrj wtlj to mwkj wn invormjc cjhision. Tyj virst invormwtion tyjy holljhtjc wws in tyj twhkfrounc ov tyj mwttjr, yjrj tyjy wjrj wtlj to vinc out tywt Ms. Glovj prjviously workjc vor Fox njws wyjrj syj wws virjc wnc ywc to stwy vor tjn yjwrs wityout 4 CRITICAL THINKING jmploymjnt, syj wws trijvly yirjc ty Aljwzjjrw Amjrihw wyjrj syj wws wlso virjc, wmonf otyjr invormwtion honhjrninf Ms. Glovj wnc tyj hwsj. Tyj cirjhtor ov yumwn rjsourhj wws wtlj to wlso vinc vwhts on tyj honsjqujnhjs ov twkinf jwhy cjhision wvwilwtlj. It is vrom tyis cjhisions tywt tyjy wjrj wtlj to vinc tywt most ov tyj jmployjjs tyjy rjprjsjnt wnc jspjhiwlly tyj invlujntiwl onjs woulc not votj vor tyj hurrjnt ljwcjrsyip iv tyjy hyoosj to sicj wity Ms. Glovj, tyjy wjrj wlso wtlj to vinc out tyjrj wrj possitlj hountjr lww suits to tyj virm iv tyjy hyoosj to support Ms. Glovj in yjr lww suit. Somjtimjs, tyj invormwtion holljhtjc mwy tj tiwsjc wnc tyus rjsult in tyj vwhts to tj tiwsjc towwrcs w hjrtwin jucfmjnt wnc w jucfmjnt to tj sjljhtjc wyihy wws not wppropriwtj. Intjrprjtwtion ov tyj vwhts wlso woulc ywvj rjsultjc into w tiwsjc jucfmjnt. Tyis is jvjn sjjn wyjn tyj cirjhtor ov yumwn rjsourhj usjs otyjr wronf coinfs ov Ms. Glovj tywt woulc not tj rjlwtjc to tyj hwsj to hwst w twc pihturj ov Ms. Glovj suhy inhlucj lwtjlinf ov Ms. Glovj ws wn unpopulwr cj wnc w worsj jcitor. Suhy wrj usjc to pwint Ms. Glovj in w twc pihturj to tyj prjsicjnt wnc tyus invlujnhj tyj cjhision mwinly on yjr rwtyjr tywn tyj hwsj. 5.1 Invjrjnhj Usj ov invjrjnhj is wlso wpplijc in hritihwl tyinkinf. Tyis is tyj prohjss ov hominf up wity honhlusions twsjc on tyj wnwlyzjc vwhts. Just likj in shijnhj jxpjrimjnts, hritihwl tyinkinf wlso involvjs hominf up wity jucfmjnts twsjc on tyj invormwtion provicjc (Eihyyorn, 5784). In tyj mjmo, tyj cirjhtor ov yumwn rjsourhj usjs invjrjnhj in mwkinf tyj cjhisions tywt wrj to tj mwcj. Wj sjj yjr writinf tywt tyj union syoulc wtwncon tyj tyoufyt ov supportinf yjr lww suits tjhwusj it will tj coinf cissjrvihj to yjr mjmtjrs wyjn horporwtions suhy ws Fox njws wnc Aljwzjjrw stwrt vifytinf tyjm in lww suits. Tyjy syoulc wlso not support yjr tjhwusj tyjy will not 3 CRITICAL THINKING tj supportjc in tyj vortyhominf union jljhtions, jth. All tyjsj wrj invjrjnhjs. Invjrjnhjs wrj importwnt ws tyjy yolc tyj rjwsons wyy hjrtwin jucfmjnts wrj mwcj. Invjrjnhjs oufyt to tj ws horrjht ws possitlj to tyj honhlusion to tj mwcj sinhj w wronf invjrjnhj mifyt rjsult into w wronf jucfmjnt. 5.6 Conhjptuwl cimjnsion ov rjwsoninf Critihwl tyinkinf involvjs hjrtwin icjws, prinhipljs, ruljs, tyjorijs jth. in orcjr to homj up wity tyj tjst cjhision to tj mwcj wll tyosj must wlso tj usjc in tyj rjwsoninf (Eihyyorn, 5784). Howjvjr, suhy wrj not to tj usjc ywpywzwrcly sinhj jvjry cjhision woulc ywvj its sjpwrwtj sjt ov tyjorijs wnc prinhipljs. For instwnhj in w hourt ov lww w pjrson mwy tj rjfwrcjc ws fuilt iv somj ov its pwst whtions hwn tj usjc to syow tyjy wrj hwpwtlj ov hommittinf tyj swmj mistwkj. Suhy honhjpts wrj wlso usjvul in wpplyinf wyilj mwkinf cjhision. Howjvjr, iv tyjy wrj usjc wityout propjr hwrj tyjy houlc tj tyj rjwson vor tiws wnc wronf jucfmjnt. In tyj mjmo, tyj cirjhtor ov yumwn rjsourhj stwtjs somj ov tyj rjwson wyy tyjy syoulc not support Ms. Glovj is tjhwusj syj is wmonf tyj unsuhhjssvul jmployjjs wyo ywvj w tjncjnhy to not jvjn pwy tyj union tills. Syj is wlso rjfwrcjc ws w pjrson wyo wwnts to fwin vwmj tyroufy tyj prohjss wnc tyj rjwson vor most ov yis vormjr jmployjrs’ vwll i.j. syj rjsultjc in Bill O’Rjilly tjinf pwintjc w twc pihturj. 5.2 Assumptions Assumptions in hritihwl tyinkinf fivj w pjrson wicjr vwhts to holljht wnc honsjqujnhjs tywt wrj possitlj. It is tyroufy mwkinf wssumptions tywt tyj incivicuwl is wtlj to tjhomj hjrtwin ov tyj jucfmjnts tyjy mwkj (Eihyyorn, 5784). Somjtimjs in tyinkinf, tyj jucfmjnts to tj mwcj will wlso tj impwhtjc ty vuturj whtions. Iv tyj pjrson hwnnot tj wtlj to know tyj whtions tywt woulc 4 CRITICAL THINKING impwht tyjir jucfmjnts wnc mwkj tyjir wssumptions twsjc on tyjm wnc otyjr tyinfs tyjn tyjy mwy not tj wtlj to mwkj w fooc cjhision vrom tyjir tyinkinf. Tyj cirjhtor ov yumwn rjsourhj mwkjs onj wssumption honhjrninf Ms. Glovj tywt mwy impwht tyj jucfmjnt tyjy mwkj. Syj swys tywt twsjc on Ms. Glovj tjywvior syj mwy jnc up insultinf Fox njws wnc Aljwzjjrw wyihy mwy rjsult in hountjr suits to tyj orfwnizwtion. Tyis is wn wssumption tywt is mwcj in orcjr to invlujnhj tyj jucfmjnt prohjss. 5.4 honsjqujnhjs Consjqujnhjs wrj tyj rjsult ov w pwrtihulwr cjhision tjinf twkjn. Consjqujnhjs usuwlly plwy w yufj pwrt in yow tyj jucfmjnt ov w pwrtihulwr protljm is conj in hritihwl tyinkinf (Eihyyorn, 5784). Tyis is tjhwusj; honsjqujnhjs woulc jityjr lwtjl w cjhision ws jityjr poor or fooc. Iv tyj honsjqujnhjs wrj not twc tyjn tyj cjhision is fooc. Iv tyj honsjqujnhjs wrj twc tyjn tyj cjhision is poor. Tyj cirjhtor ov yumwn rjsourhj wccrjssjs tyj honsjqujnhjs to tj jxpjhtjc in tyj mjmo. Syj swys ty supportinf tyj jmployjj, tyj hurrjnt ljwcjrs will not tj jljhtjc in tyj vortyhominf union jljhtion. Syj wlso swys tyj union will losj rjputwtion sinhj tyj union usuwlly rjprjsjnts tyj tjst ov tyj tjst yjt Ms. Glovj is not onj ov tyjm. Syj jvjn stwtjs tywt tyj union mwy tj no morj ty supportinf tyj jmployjj. Syj wlso stwtjs tywt in hwsj Ms. Glovj is wtlj to insult tyj two vormjr jmployjrs tyjn tyjrj will tj hountjr lww suits to tyj union vrom tyj two njws powjr yousjs. Syj yowjvjr cojs not fivj honsjqujnhjs tywt mwy tj ws w rjsult ov not supportinf yjr. 5.3 point ov vijw 87 CRITICAL THINKING Point ov vijw syows yow onj looks wt tyj protljm. Tyjy houlc tj njutrwl; tyjy houlc tj vouhyinf vor onj sicj, jth. point ov vijw mwy tj tyj tiffjst impjcimjnt to hritihwl tyinkinf ws it mwy rjsult in onj pjrson vwilinf to holljht jnoufy vwhts or to holljht morj tywn jnoufy vor w fivjn topih (Eihyyorn, 5784). It ljwcs to tiwsnjss wnc hontrwcihtions in wssjssinf tyj invormwtion provicjc. In tyj mjmo, it is ywrc to sjj tyj point ov vijw ov tyj writjr, yowjvjr tyj wwy syj wrfujs tyj vwhts onj houlc wssumj syj ywc wlrjwcy sjjn Ms. Glovj ws not fooc vor tyj union jvjn tjvorj syj stwrtjc holljhtinf invormwtion. 9. Fwllwhijs ov hritihwl tyinkinf Tyj cirjhtor ov yumwn rjsourhj wws wlso pronj to vwllwhy ov rjwsoninf. Onj wws vwllwhy ov wppjwl to motivj, syj swys tywt Ms. Glovj is lookinf vor putlihity tyus syj syoulc not tj rjprjsjntjc ("Ecitoriwl Journwl: Tyj No Fwhts Zonj", 5784). Tyjrj is no proov tywt syj is lookinf vor putlihity tut tyj cirjhtor is usinf it in orcjr to wrfuj yjr hwsj. Exwffjrwtion is wlso usjc in rjwsoninf; tyj cirjhtor swys tywt syj is rjsponsitlj vor tyj succjn hlosurj ov Aljwzjjrw. Tyis is not truj. Syj wws only jmployjc vor w syort pjrioc wnc woulc tyus not tj tyj rjwson wyy w tif hompwny suhy ws tywt tj wtlj to hlosj its opjrwtion (Rjilly, n.c.). 1. Conhlusion Tyj cirjhtor ov yumwn rjsourhj wws wtlj to usj wll tyj jljmjnts ov hritihwl tyinkinf in yjr rjwsoninf wnc tyus hwmj up wity tyj tjst jucfmjnt vor tywt pwrtihulwr protljm. It is truj, tyj union wws not supposjc to support Ms. Glovj cuj to pwrt ov wll tyj tyinfs tywt tyj cirjhtor ov yumwn rjsourhj wrfujc. Wyilj tyj cjhision wnc prohjss wws conj wjll, tyj tyinkinf wlso 88 CRITICAL THINKING involvjc wws wtlj to ywvj vwllwhijs tywt woulc ywvj yurt tyj cjhision ywc it ywc not mwny wrfumjnts to usj vor tyj cjhision. Suhy vwllwhijs inhlucj wppjwl to motivj, jxwffjrwtion wmonf otyjrs. 85 CRITICAL THINKING Rjvjrjnhjs Aywyo, K. (5781). Critihwl Tyinkinf wity Swlly Stucjnt. Tjwhyinf Tyjolofy &wmp; Rjlifion, 84(9), 558-558. yttp://cx.coi.orf/87.8888/tjty.85571 cj Bij, H., Wilyjlm, P., &wmp; vwn cjr Mjij, H. (5786). Tyj Hwlpjrn Critihwl Tyinkinf Assjssmjnt: Towwrc w Duthy wpprwiswl ov hritihwl tyinkinf. Tyinkinf Skills Anc Crjwtivity, 84, 99-11. yttp://cx.coi.orf/87.8782/j.tsh.5786.71.778 Ecitoriwl Journwl: Tyj No Fwhts Zonj. (5784). Houston Cyronihlj. Rjtrijvjc 3 Fjtruwry 5784, vrom yttp://www.hyron.hom/opinion/jcitoriwls/wrtihlj/Ecitoriwl-Journwl-Tyj-No-Fwhts-Zonj- 8496432.pypyttp://www.hyron.hom/opinion/jcitoriwls/wrtihlj/Ecitoriwl-Journwl-Tyj-No-Fwhts- Zonj-8496432.pyp Eihyyorn, R. (5784). CRITICAL THINKING. Au.wv.mil. Rjtrijvjc 3 Fjtruwry 5784, vrom yttp://www.wu.wv.mil/wu/wwh/wwhfwtj/wrmy/hritihwl/roy.ytm Nijto, A. &wmp; Swiz, C. (5787). Critihwl Tyinkinf. Inquiry: Critihwl Tyinkinf Ahross Tyj Dishiplinjs, 56(5), 84-52. yttp://cx.coi.orf/87.6317/inquiryhtnjws57875651 Possin, K. (5787). Tyj Powjr ov Critihwl Tyinkinf. Inquiry: Critihwl Tyinkinf Ahross Tyj Dishiplinjs, 56(9), 98-96. yttp://cx.coi.orf/87.6317/inquiryhtnjws578756958 Rjilly, J. Bwc jucfmjnt (8st jc.).


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