[SOLVED] a) List five important differences between
[SOLVED] a) List five important differences between goods production and service operations; then list five important similarities.
b) Briefly discuss each of these terms related to the historical evolution of operations management:
Industrial Revolution & Scientific management & Interchangeable parts
c) Why is the degree of customization an important consideration in process planning?
d) Describe each of these systems: craft production, mass production, and lean production.
e) Discuss the importance of each of the following:
Matching supply and demand & Managing a supply chain
f) Explain the difference between the economics/diseconomies to scale capacity strategies, illustrate your answer graphically and by example.
g) In a job shop, effective capacity is 90% of design capacity, and actual output is 75%of effective output. What the minimum designed capacity would be needed to achieve an actual output of 100 jobs per week?
Second Question:
DIAC company must decide which type of machine to buy, and how many units of that type, given the following information:
The machine costs are:
A
$40,000
B
$50,000
C
$60,000
Product forecasted demand and processing times for the equipment are:
Product
Demand
Processing time in machine A
Processing time in machine B
Processing time in machine C
P1
10,000
3
3
2
P2
12,000
3
4
4
P3
14,000
4
5
5
P4
16,000
5
4
4
a. Assume that only purchasing costs are being considered. Which machine would have the lowest total cost, and how many of that machine would be needed? Machines operate 12 hours a day, 250 days a year.
b. Consider this additional information: The machines differ in terms of hourly operating costs: The A machines have an hourly operating cost of $10 each, B machines have an hourly operating cost of $12 each, and C machines have an hourly operating cost of $11 each. Which alternative would be selected, and how many machines, to minimize total cost while satisfying capacity processing requirements?
Third Question:
A manufacture production for the year 2019/2020 are given below sales for a Dubai-based firm over the last 12 months are shown in the following table.
Month 2019 Product Month 2020 Product
Month
2020
Product
Month
2020
Product
10
1100
1
2000
4
3500
7
1500
11
1200
2
2200
5
3700
8
1400
12
1300
3
2400
6
3900
9
1300
a) Plot the data and determine the regression equation. Discuss the obtained R2 value. Predict the demand for the last quarter for 2020.
b) Referring to the same data, use the trend-adjusted exponential smoothing to obtain forecasts for the October 2020, given the following parameters α = .60, β = .40, F1 = 475, T1 = 0.9.
c) Evaluate the two forecasting techniques and select one for the decision maker in the manufacture.
TAFt+1 = Ft + Tt, where Ft = Previous forecast plus smoothed error & Tt = Current trend estimate, and
Ft = α * At-1 + (1- α) * Ft-1 & Tt = β * (Ft - Ft-1) + (1- β) * Tt-1